In the case of original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works the author(s) of the work is/are generally the first owner of copyright. Copyright is also assignable, so the author may sign over their rights to another party. However, where such work is made in the course of employment, the employer is often the owner of copyright without an agreement (contract) to the contrary. Industry standards or customs are also taken into consideration when determining ownership; for example, it is customary for professors to own copyright in their literary work such as articles, syllabi and tests. Most universities will have intellectual property clauses in Collective Agreements with faculty that affirm and clarify these rights.
In all likelihood, you too own copyright in works! ‘Literary works’ may include student papers, emails and letters. Copyright ownership is automatic and requires no registration or addition of any special markings or copyright symbols to the work.
